Earth Protect Blog

Over the last fifteen years, many US municipalities have set sustainability goals and implemented 

policies and programs to achieve them. More recently, resilience has emerged as an additional goal of 

some municipalities, particularly in the wake of extreme weather events like Hurricane Sandy and major 

economic disruptions like the Great Recession. 

This study explored how some municipalities that are already leading the way on sustainability are now 

understanding and applying the concept of resilience. Senior staff at fourteen selected municipalities of 

various regions and sizes were surveyed on their communities’ perceived risks and vulnerabilities, and 

how these were being addressed. Five major conclusions were derived from the responses, some of 

which run counter to the “conventional wisdom” on resilience: 

1. While “resilience” is interpreted many ways, it is largely understood by these sustainability 

leaders to have a scope greater than mere disaster preparedness. This stands in contrast to 

the current public conversation on resilience in urban planning and policy circles (and 

increasingly in popular media and politics), where concerns about climate change and natural 

disasters generally dominate. 

2. Resilience-building is already regarded as an important part of these communities’ ability to 

deliver services, although respondents ascribed different specific activities to it. This was 

unexpected as resilience has not been a significant topic in local public policy and planning until 

only very recently. 

3. Lack of time and lack of resources are seen as the biggest barriers to resilience-building 

actions, not necessarily a lack of public or government awareness. Budgetary constraints also 

had a direct impact on the pace of adoption of relevant initiatives. 

4. Citizen pressure is a major influence on resilience-building actions. Citizens understand the 

need for greater resilience and want actions to enhance it. 

5. Neither national nor local regulations are seen as significantly hindering community 

resilience-building actions. Changes in local regulations are, in fact, pushing adoption of 

resilience-building approaches more than federal regulations. 

These findings suggest that efforts to encourage resilience-building in all U.S. communities should: 

 Reach beyond disaster preparedness and basic awareness-raising. 

 Identify and work with local government officials, agencies, and staff—as well as community 

leaders and stakeholders—who are already engaged in resilience-building. 

 Prioritize the need for dedicating resources. 

 Recognize the value of local leadership and policymaking. 

 Look to and learn from the experiences of those communities in the vanguard of building 

resilience.